Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 646,695 |
| 2 | United States | 488,462 |
| 3 | Japan | 140,339 |
| 4 | South Korea | 120,492 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 109,842 |
| 6 | Germany | 102,037 |
| 7 | India | 72,165 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 64,074 |
| 9 | Italy | 58,305 |
| 10 | Russia | 49,172 |
| 11 | Spain | 45,894 |
| 12 | Canada | 43,999 |
| 13 | Australia | 41,892 |
| 14 | Brazil | 38,772 |
| 15 | France | 38,074 |
| 16 | Switzerland | 27,565 |
| 17 | Turkey | 25,595 |
| 18 | Poland | 24,975 |
| 19 | Netherlands | 24,804 |
| 20 | Thailand | 22,642 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.