Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 662,795 |
| 2 | United States | 277,504 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 252,629 |
| 4 | Australia | 128,587 |
| 5 | India | 117,641 |
| 6 | Turkey | 90,228 |
| 7 | Canada | 81,919 |
| 8 | Malaysia | 80,158 |
| 9 | Italy | 68,081 |
| 10 | Brazil | 61,579 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 61,432 |
| 12 | Indonesia | 57,989 |
| 13 | South Korea | 57,116 |
| 14 | Russia | 53,391 |
| 15 | Thailand | 50,842 |
| 16 | Hong Kong | 48,729 |
| 17 | Iran | 48,323 |
| 18 | Spain | 47,413 |
| 19 | Japan | 45,741 |
| 20 | Taiwan | 45,338 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.