Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 859,806 |
| 2 | United States | 147,255 |
| 3 | Taiwan | 133,991 |
| 4 | South Korea | 85,675 |
| 5 | India | 81,536 |
| 6 | Brazil | 69,206 |
| 7 | Malaysia | 69,011 |
| 8 | Turkey | 68,748 |
| 9 | Thailand | 55,134 |
| 10 | United Kingdom | 54,294 |
| 11 | Japan | 48,183 |
| 12 | Australia | 35,411 |
| 13 | Canada | 30,727 |
| 14 | Iran | 28,904 |
| 15 | Pakistan | 28,637 |
| 16 | Spain | 26,076 |
| 17 | Mexico | 24,295 |
| 18 | France | 23,924 |
| 19 | Indonesia | 23,079 |
| 20 | Saudi Arabia | 19,624 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.