Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 728,848 |
| 2 | China | 352,679 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 175,112 |
| 4 | India | 113,761 |
| 5 | Germany | 102,980 |
| 6 | Australia | 101,654 |
| 7 | South Korea | 82,167 |
| 8 | Canada | 78,586 |
| 9 | Netherlands | 62,793 |
| 10 | Taiwan | 55,329 |
| 11 | Japan | 43,014 |
| 12 | Spain | 42,046 |
| 13 | France | 40,411 |
| 14 | Italy | 39,307 |
| 15 | Brazil | 38,594 |
| 16 | Turkey | 37,310 |
| 17 | Switzerland | 35,683 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 35,498 |
| 19 | Iran | 26,275 |
| 20 | Indonesia | 25,987 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.