Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 897,071 |
| 2 | United States | 269,196 |
| 3 | India | 188,212 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 176,972 |
| 5 | Turkey | 96,690 |
| 6 | Brazil | 88,168 |
| 7 | Australia | 84,175 |
| 8 | South Korea | 83,181 |
| 9 | Canada | 68,118 |
| 10 | Malaysia | 56,869 |
| 11 | Thailand | 50,984 |
| 12 | Italy | 48,040 |
| 13 | Germany | 46,149 |
| 14 | France | 41,757 |
| 15 | Indonesia | 39,787 |
| 16 | Japan | 36,679 |
| 17 | Poland | 36,423 |
| 18 | Spain | 36,028 |
| 19 | Taiwan | 35,513 |
| 20 | Russia | 34,164 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.