Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,353,230 |
| 2 | United States | 281,361 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 197,896 |
| 4 | India | 163,281 |
| 5 | South Korea | 122,251 |
| 6 | Turkey | 81,319 |
| 7 | Australia | 71,317 |
| 8 | Japan | 60,324 |
| 9 | Italy | 57,044 |
| 10 | Canada | 54,401 |
| 11 | France | 47,178 |
| 12 | Brazil | 41,552 |
| 13 | Netherlands | 39,982 |
| 14 | Russia | 38,263 |
| 15 | Germany | 36,113 |
| 16 | Taiwan | 31,462 |
| 17 | Spain | 29,333 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 23,448 |
| 19 | Iran | 23,377 |
| 20 | Indonesia | 18,889 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.