Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,723,253 |
| 2 | United States | 271,620 |
| 3 | South Korea | 100,763 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 92,470 |
| 5 | Brazil | 76,730 |
| 6 | Canada | 72,823 |
| 7 | Japan | 69,431 |
| 8 | India | 62,453 |
| 9 | Taiwan | 59,971 |
| 10 | Australia | 58,404 |
| 11 | Turkey | 54,787 |
| 12 | Malaysia | 43,892 |
| 13 | France | 41,206 |
| 14 | Thailand | 39,951 |
| 15 | Spain | 39,382 |
| 16 | Italy | 36,084 |
| 17 | Colombia | 27,155 |
| 18 | Hong Kong | 26,935 |
| 19 | Mexico | 24,706 |
| 20 | Netherlands | 24,560 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.