Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 677,021 |
| 2 | United States | 519,984 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 242,392 |
| 4 | Japan | 181,064 |
| 5 | South Korea | 133,276 |
| 6 | Germany | 112,429 |
| 7 | Brazil | 111,430 |
| 8 | Turkey | 90,843 |
| 9 | India | 85,621 |
| 10 | Italy | 80,439 |
| 11 | Switzerland | 75,227 |
| 12 | Australia | 68,901 |
| 13 | France | 68,017 |
| 14 | Canada | 61,290 |
| 15 | Netherlands | 60,439 |
| 16 | Taiwan | 58,277 |
| 17 | Spain | 52,554 |
| 18 | Denmark | 52,003 |
| 19 | Thailand | 44,625 |
| 20 | Portugal | 40,551 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.