Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 637,908 |
| 2 | United States | 532,154 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 240,279 |
| 4 | Japan | 181,230 |
| 5 | South Korea | 129,225 |
| 6 | Germany | 114,629 |
| 7 | Brazil | 112,494 |
| 8 | India | 83,986 |
| 9 | Turkey | 82,951 |
| 10 | Italy | 76,852 |
| 11 | Switzerland | 73,324 |
| 12 | Australia | 69,176 |
| 13 | France | 68,873 |
| 14 | Canada | 58,962 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 58,762 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 56,803 |
| 17 | Spain | 51,821 |
| 18 | Thailand | 51,796 |
| 19 | Denmark | 50,541 |
| 20 | Iran | 41,899 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.