Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 511,871 |
| 2 | United States | 178,602 |
| 3 | South Korea | 90,965 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 57,978 |
| 5 | India | 56,604 |
| 6 | Japan | 54,013 |
| 7 | Taiwan | 46,892 |
| 8 | Germany | 38,122 |
| 9 | Turkey | 27,870 |
| 10 | Australia | 25,899 |
| 11 | Canada | 23,498 |
| 12 | France | 22,533 |
| 13 | Italy | 19,943 |
| 14 | Brazil | 19,307 |
| 15 | Russia | 17,675 |
| 16 | Hong Kong | 16,374 |
| 17 | Spain | 15,447 |
| 18 | Poland | 12,915 |
| 19 | Netherlands | 11,743 |
| 20 | Malaysia | 11,652 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.