Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,884,977 |
| 2 | United States | 706,577 |
| 3 | India | 333,020 |
| 4 | South Korea | 266,270 |
| 5 | Japan | 247,199 |
| 6 | United Kingdom | 229,341 |
| 7 | Brazil | 217,438 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 170,592 |
| 9 | Turkey | 166,715 |
| 10 | Germany | 120,124 |
| 11 | Italy | 118,612 |
| 12 | Thailand | 118,012 |
| 13 | Canada | 117,473 |
| 14 | Iran | 112,061 |
| 15 | France | 107,524 |
| 16 | Australia | 106,816 |
| 17 | Spain | 98,859 |
| 18 | Russia | 93,342 |
| 19 | Poland | 82,040 |
| 20 | Mexico | 76,751 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.