Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 2,328,698 |
| 2 | United States | 692,497 |
| 3 | South Korea | 311,272 |
| 4 | India | 291,552 |
| 5 | Japan | 252,209 |
| 6 | United Kingdom | 239,403 |
| 7 | Brazil | 218,529 |
| 8 | Turkey | 212,556 |
| 9 | Taiwan | 188,433 |
| 10 | Italy | 138,663 |
| 11 | Canada | 126,437 |
| 12 | Australia | 113,915 |
| 13 | Spain | 109,627 |
| 14 | France | 107,648 |
| 15 | Germany | 89,887 |
| 16 | Thailand | 83,755 |
| 17 | Poland | 82,755 |
| 18 | Iran | 79,640 |
| 19 | Portugal | 77,463 |
| 20 | Netherlands | 69,756 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.