Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 808,181 |
| 2 | United States | 333,656 |
| 3 | India | 253,321 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 111,461 |
| 5 | Germany | 109,155 |
| 6 | Turkey | 89,721 |
| 7 | South Korea | 69,162 |
| 8 | France | 58,003 |
| 9 | Canada | 56,264 |
| 10 | Japan | 56,020 |
| 11 | Italy | 46,297 |
| 12 | Australia | 42,987 |
| 13 | Pakistan | 39,753 |
| 14 | Taiwan | 38,583 |
| 15 | Brazil | 36,042 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 33,715 |
| 17 | Thailand | 32,489 |
| 18 | Spain | 31,982 |
| 19 | Iran | 29,885 |
| 20 | Russia | 29,345 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.