Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 995,524 |
| 2 | United States | 453,253 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 169,371 |
| 4 | Japan | 132,136 |
| 5 | South Korea | 117,031 |
| 6 | India | 114,106 |
| 7 | Germany | 103,445 |
| 8 | Canada | 73,263 |
| 9 | Australia | 68,802 |
| 10 | Taiwan | 60,404 |
| 11 | Brazil | 51,105 |
| 12 | Turkey | 49,310 |
| 13 | Netherlands | 48,589 |
| 14 | Italy | 47,923 |
| 15 | Spain | 46,983 |
| 16 | France | 42,572 |
| 17 | Switzerland | 32,946 |
| 18 | Hong Kong | 30,392 |
| 19 | Malaysia | 27,746 |
| 20 | Russia | 25,668 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.