Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 1,065,388 |
| 2 | China | 813,990 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 314,114 |
| 4 | Canada | 158,167 |
| 5 | Australia | 155,711 |
| 6 | Japan | 136,344 |
| 7 | Germany | 88,366 |
| 8 | South Korea | 85,512 |
| 9 | Italy | 80,589 |
| 10 | Netherlands | 77,966 |
| 11 | Brazil | 76,442 |
| 12 | Spain | 64,959 |
| 13 | France | 59,194 |
| 14 | Turkey | 53,633 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 45,421 |
| 16 | Switzerland | 38,794 |
| 17 | Ireland | 36,758 |
| 18 | Sweden | 36,419 |
| 19 | Israel | 30,982 |
| 20 | Belgium | 29,075 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.