Downloads

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About Downloads

Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).

Metrics

Top Countries/ Regions Downloads
1 China 2,338,078
2 United States 1,674,940
3 United Kingdom 918,162
4 Japan 511,352
5 South Korea 495,393
6 Brazil 340,216
7 Germany 313,403
8 India 310,074
9 Turkey 308,872
10 Italy 270,380
11 France 244,148
12 Australia 232,431
13 Canada 199,061
14 Taiwan 194,530
15 Spain 187,867
16 Switzerland 156,402
17 Thailand 152,121
18 Iran 140,568
19 Portugal 140,330
20 Netherlands 137,821

Definition

Downloads

The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.

The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.

We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.

other metrics in reach