Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 2,390,796 |
| 2 | United States | 784,328 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 400,804 |
| 4 | India | 210,066 |
| 5 | Japan | 176,784 |
| 6 | Australia | 157,135 |
| 7 | Brazil | 152,395 |
| 8 | Germany | 152,284 |
| 9 | Turkey | 134,197 |
| 10 | South Korea | 121,459 |
| 11 | Canada | 114,605 |
| 12 | France | 101,080 |
| 13 | Italy | 97,261 |
| 14 | Netherlands | 88,333 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 85,186 |
| 16 | Russia | 82,934 |
| 17 | Malaysia | 76,723 |
| 18 | Spain | 68,014 |
| 19 | Mexico | 60,348 |
| 20 | Hong Kong | 58,507 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.