Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 895,695 |
| 2 | United States | 470,857 |
| 3 | India | 235,738 |
| 4 | Germany | 158,282 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 143,621 |
| 6 | Turkey | 94,292 |
| 7 | Canada | 79,302 |
| 8 | France | 77,007 |
| 9 | Japan | 75,555 |
| 10 | Spain | 70,084 |
| 11 | South Korea | 68,395 |
| 12 | Italy | 66,497 |
| 13 | Australia | 50,442 |
| 14 | Iran | 47,690 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 47,626 |
| 16 | Brazil | 46,581 |
| 17 | Russia | 45,555 |
| 18 | Thailand | 45,480 |
| 19 | Netherlands | 41,663 |
| 20 | Malaysia | 39,066 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.