Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 934,434 |
| 2 | United States | 430,707 |
| 3 | India | 230,530 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 135,425 |
| 5 | Germany | 130,349 |
| 6 | Turkey | 93,296 |
| 7 | France | 73,704 |
| 8 | Japan | 73,193 |
| 9 | Canada | 69,191 |
| 10 | Spain | 68,863 |
| 11 | Italy | 66,910 |
| 12 | South Korea | 66,865 |
| 13 | Australia | 45,252 |
| 14 | Taiwan | 44,546 |
| 15 | Russia | 42,551 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 41,025 |
| 17 | Brazil | 40,953 |
| 18 | Switzerland | 33,594 |
| 19 | Malaysia | 33,445 |
| 20 | Iran | 33,396 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.