Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 4,651,698 |
| 2 | United States | 1,423,469 |
| 3 | India | 903,659 |
| 4 | South Korea | 808,345 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 718,615 |
| 6 | Japan | 690,672 |
| 7 | Germany | 528,858 |
| 8 | Turkey | 506,465 |
| 9 | Taiwan | 487,191 |
| 10 | Malaysia | 409,577 |
| 11 | Thailand | 388,306 |
| 12 | Brazil | 377,210 |
| 13 | Canada | 358,897 |
| 14 | France | 337,260 |
| 15 | Australia | 325,868 |
| 16 | Russia | 302,667 |
| 17 | Italy | 287,704 |
| 18 | Spain | 255,397 |
| 19 | Mexico | 248,636 |
| 20 | Iran | 165,882 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.