Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 2,014,508 |
| 2 | China | 1,152,867 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 1,047,840 |
| 4 | Australia | 728,691 |
| 5 | Taiwan | 512,290 |
| 6 | Turkey | 389,463 |
| 7 | Canada | 330,057 |
| 8 | Malaysia | 278,344 |
| 9 | Netherlands | 230,604 |
| 10 | Hong Kong | 211,099 |
| 11 | Germany | 180,180 |
| 12 | Spain | 180,014 |
| 13 | South Korea | 154,392 |
| 14 | South Africa | 144,952 |
| 15 | Brazil | 124,864 |
| 16 | Thailand | 123,423 |
| 17 | Greece | 111,625 |
| 18 | Sweden | 102,682 |
| 19 | Indonesia | 99,900 |
| 20 | Finland | 97,041 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.