Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 704,066 |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 280,479 |
| 3 | United States | 253,495 |
| 4 | Netherlands | 108,460 |
| 5 | Australia | 107,250 |
| 6 | Germany | 93,338 |
| 7 | Turkey | 92,660 |
| 8 | India | 69,256 |
| 9 | Taiwan | 63,636 |
| 10 | Canada | 58,838 |
| 11 | Brazil | 57,026 |
| 12 | South Korea | 45,677 |
| 13 | Italy | 42,653 |
| 14 | France | 38,500 |
| 15 | Iran | 38,493 |
| 16 | Malaysia | 35,353 |
| 17 | Spain | 33,975 |
| 18 | Hong Kong | 32,399 |
| 19 | Indonesia | 31,736 |
| 20 | Portugal | 29,502 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.