Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 402,127 |
| 2 | China | 310,352 |
| 3 | Germany | 208,814 |
| 4 | Japan | 147,810 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 130,642 |
| 6 | France | 75,291 |
| 7 | South Korea | 69,064 |
| 8 | India | 55,344 |
| 9 | Australia | 47,686 |
| 10 | Canada | 39,070 |
| 11 | Taiwan | 37,073 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 34,356 |
| 13 | Switzerland | 31,747 |
| 14 | Belgium | 28,878 |
| 15 | Spain | 25,616 |
| 16 | Russia | 23,088 |
| 17 | Sweden | 23,072 |
| 18 | Brazil | 21,000 |
| 19 | Austria | 20,128 |
| 20 | Italy | 18,212 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.