Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 411,154 |
| 2 | United States | 406,194 |
| 3 | Germany | 172,978 |
| 4 | Japan | 149,336 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 140,834 |
| 6 | South Korea | 100,854 |
| 7 | France | 64,742 |
| 8 | India | 47,029 |
| 9 | Australia | 44,076 |
| 10 | Canada | 43,517 |
| 11 | Taiwan | 37,748 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 37,672 |
| 13 | Netherlands | 37,403 |
| 14 | Belgium | 33,573 |
| 15 | Sweden | 26,419 |
| 16 | Austria | 25,359 |
| 17 | Spain | 22,509 |
| 18 | Russia | 21,851 |
| 19 | Italy | 19,629 |
| 20 | Brazil | 17,425 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.