Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 416,702 |
| 2 | China | 382,490 |
| 3 | Germany | 187,397 |
| 4 | Japan | 151,327 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 142,164 |
| 6 | South Korea | 94,376 |
| 7 | France | 65,087 |
| 8 | Australia | 50,174 |
| 9 | India | 47,380 |
| 10 | Canada | 42,008 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 38,617 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 37,169 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 35,281 |
| 14 | Belgium | 32,691 |
| 15 | Sweden | 26,528 |
| 16 | Austria | 24,706 |
| 17 | Spain | 23,255 |
| 18 | Russia | 21,386 |
| 19 | Italy | 18,395 |
| 20 | Brazil | 17,713 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.