Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 419,363 |
| 2 | China | 352,464 |
| 3 | Germany | 201,780 |
| 4 | Japan | 150,762 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 139,812 |
| 6 | South Korea | 84,093 |
| 7 | France | 65,144 |
| 8 | Australia | 48,558 |
| 9 | India | 48,083 |
| 10 | Canada | 41,986 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 38,635 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 36,375 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 34,924 |
| 14 | Belgium | 31,895 |
| 15 | Spain | 23,816 |
| 16 | Austria | 23,062 |
| 17 | Russia | 22,054 |
| 18 | Sweden | 20,187 |
| 19 | Brazil | 19,424 |
| 20 | Italy | 18,136 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.