Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 1,416,828 |
| 2 | China | 904,905 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 458,070 |
| 4 | Japan | 415,890 |
| 5 | Canada | 234,530 |
| 6 | Australia | 222,467 |
| 7 | South Korea | 198,584 |
| 8 | Germany | 175,837 |
| 9 | Italy | 137,611 |
| 10 | Netherlands | 114,515 |
| 11 | France | 107,704 |
| 12 | Turkey | 104,639 |
| 13 | Brazil | 103,108 |
| 14 | Taiwan | 90,204 |
| 15 | Spain | 88,961 |
| 16 | Switzerland | 69,075 |
| 17 | Belgium | 51,035 |
| 18 | Mexico | 50,979 |
| 19 | Iran | 50,274 |
| 20 | Sweden | 43,168 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.