Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3,451,431 |
| 2 | United States | 1,709,553 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 967,968 |
| 4 | Australia | 666,007 |
| 5 | Brazil | 507,528 |
| 6 | Canada | 456,618 |
| 7 | India | 376,228 |
| 8 | Turkey | 278,982 |
| 9 | Malaysia | 276,161 |
| 10 | Thailand | 266,146 |
| 11 | South Korea | 251,741 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 250,182 |
| 13 | Spain | 245,049 |
| 14 | Italy | 236,704 |
| 15 | Japan | 195,250 |
| 16 | Taiwan | 194,751 |
| 17 | South Africa | 192,893 |
| 18 | France | 187,022 |
| 19 | Germany | 177,365 |
| 20 | Indonesia | 163,108 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.