Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 2,474,238 |
| 2 | United States | 1,506,845 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 837,175 |
| 4 | Australia | 605,642 |
| 5 | Brazil | 444,463 |
| 6 | Canada | 401,678 |
| 7 | India | 337,873 |
| 8 | Thailand | 252,900 |
| 9 | Malaysia | 247,115 |
| 10 | Turkey | 221,381 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 205,460 |
| 12 | Spain | 201,956 |
| 13 | South Korea | 197,659 |
| 14 | Italy | 188,112 |
| 15 | Germany | 181,116 |
| 16 | South Africa | 176,961 |
| 17 | Taiwan | 167,579 |
| 18 | Japan | 162,178 |
| 19 | France | 157,099 |
| 20 | Indonesia | 141,890 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.