Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United Kingdom | 2,462,876 |
| 2 | China | 2,311,760 |
| 3 | United States | 2,308,727 |
| 4 | Australia | 845,610 |
| 5 | Germany | 635,399 |
| 6 | Netherlands | 626,999 |
| 7 | Canada | 518,332 |
| 8 | Turkey | 348,099 |
| 9 | India | 289,434 |
| 10 | South Korea | 285,508 |
| 11 | Brazil | 284,375 |
| 12 | Sweden | 283,232 |
| 13 | Italy | 268,783 |
| 14 | France | 240,865 |
| 15 | Japan | 216,489 |
| 16 | Malaysia | 209,745 |
| 17 | South Africa | 200,801 |
| 18 | Spain | 196,863 |
| 19 | Switzerland | 191,393 |
| 20 | Hong Kong | 164,058 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.