Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 3,042,079 |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 1,081,404 |
| 3 | China | 1,040,124 |
| 4 | Australia | 605,704 |
| 5 | Canada | 424,028 |
| 6 | France | 335,990 |
| 7 | Japan | 280,649 |
| 8 | Netherlands | 249,594 |
| 9 | South Korea | 244,536 |
| 10 | Germany | 212,735 |
| 11 | Brazil | 179,543 |
| 12 | Italy | 172,270 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 142,693 |
| 14 | Switzerland | 135,765 |
| 15 | Turkey | 132,395 |
| 16 | India | 126,186 |
| 17 | Spain | 126,083 |
| 18 | Thailand | 124,517 |
| 19 | Belgium | 104,891 |
| 20 | Sweden | 92,784 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.