Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 4,541,100 |
| 2 | United States | 1,124,309 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 805,837 |
| 4 | India | 750,976 |
| 5 | Turkey | 554,653 |
| 6 | South Korea | 520,016 |
| 7 | Australia | 316,456 |
| 8 | Brazil | 303,809 |
| 9 | Italy | 289,868 |
| 10 | Canada | 280,568 |
| 11 | Malaysia | 278,571 |
| 12 | Spain | 241,403 |
| 13 | Thailand | 225,952 |
| 14 | Japan | 218,140 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 214,255 |
| 16 | Germany | 193,593 |
| 17 | France | 181,762 |
| 18 | Iran | 166,319 |
| 19 | Netherlands | 162,985 |
| 20 | Indonesia | 115,603 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.