Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 14,271,996 |
| 2 | United States | 2,155,682 |
| 3 | South Korea | 2,076,981 |
| 4 | India | 1,126,329 |
| 5 | Taiwan | 1,041,872 |
| 6 | Japan | 986,549 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 597,662 |
| 8 | Turkey | 597,190 |
| 9 | Germany | 417,393 |
| 10 | Brazil | 378,962 |
| 11 | Canada | 354,908 |
| 12 | Australia | 346,243 |
| 13 | France | 336,238 |
| 14 | Russia | 329,323 |
| 15 | Italy | 275,214 |
| 16 | Poland | 252,319 |
| 17 | Spain | 251,501 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 238,668 |
| 19 | Mexico | 200,535 |
| 20 | Thailand | 190,469 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.