Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 470,079 |
| 2 | China | 384,031 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 123,557 |
| 4 | Germany | 81,690 |
| 5 | Canada | 62,402 |
| 6 | Japan | 57,742 |
| 7 | India | 55,562 |
| 8 | Australia | 54,058 |
| 9 | South Korea | 49,660 |
| 10 | Netherlands | 44,587 |
| 11 | Taiwan | 43,870 |
| 12 | Turkey | 42,218 |
| 13 | France | 42,200 |
| 14 | Brazil | 39,844 |
| 15 | Italy | 39,601 |
| 16 | Spain | 32,012 |
| 17 | Thailand | 30,541 |
| 18 | Switzerland | 30,395 |
| 19 | Hong Kong | 20,626 |
| 20 | Malaysia | 20,412 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.