Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 690,196 |
| 2 | United States | 600,624 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 498,961 |
| 4 | Germany | 237,772 |
| 5 | Australia | 217,860 |
| 6 | Netherlands | 171,862 |
| 7 | Taiwan | 163,095 |
| 8 | India | 137,131 |
| 9 | South Korea | 105,743 |
| 10 | Canada | 88,889 |
| 11 | Turkey | 86,801 |
| 12 | Malaysia | 82,801 |
| 13 | Brazil | 64,678 |
| 14 | Hong Kong | 64,150 |
| 15 | Indonesia | 63,386 |
| 16 | Italy | 55,612 |
| 17 | Sweden | 55,157 |
| 18 | France | 52,790 |
| 19 | Spain | 44,253 |
| 20 | South Africa | 43,939 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.