Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,403,789 |
| 2 | United States | 243,814 |
| 3 | India | 142,260 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 78,049 |
| 5 | South Korea | 72,714 |
| 6 | Taiwan | 51,906 |
| 7 | Japan | 49,869 |
| 8 | Turkey | 47,390 |
| 9 | Germany | 43,632 |
| 10 | France | 42,137 |
| 11 | Canada | 41,427 |
| 12 | Australia | 39,473 |
| 13 | Brazil | 31,020 |
| 14 | Italy | 26,837 |
| 15 | Hong Kong | 25,334 |
| 16 | Israel | 24,085 |
| 17 | Netherlands | 22,037 |
| 18 | Spain | 19,505 |
| 19 | Russia | 19,140 |
| 20 | Malaysia | 14,021 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.