Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,804,238 |
| 2 | United States | 570,651 |
| 3 | Brazil | 269,320 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 171,128 |
| 5 | Canada | 137,472 |
| 6 | South Korea | 131,224 |
| 7 | Turkey | 114,517 |
| 8 | Australia | 113,147 |
| 9 | France | 103,402 |
| 10 | Thailand | 102,544 |
| 11 | Japan | 102,255 |
| 12 | India | 93,892 |
| 13 | Spain | 91,958 |
| 14 | Italy | 87,775 |
| 15 | Taiwan | 83,178 |
| 16 | Pakistan | 78,208 |
| 17 | Portugal | 71,680 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 71,045 |
| 19 | Mexico | 70,968 |
| 20 | Germany | 66,730 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.