Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,120,538 |
| 2 | United States | 200,628 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 195,364 |
| 4 | India | 174,818 |
| 5 | Australia | 171,261 |
| 6 | Turkey | 86,678 |
| 7 | South Korea | 70,811 |
| 8 | Brazil | 65,742 |
| 9 | Canada | 59,566 |
| 10 | Hong Kong | 55,121 |
| 11 | Malaysia | 51,552 |
| 12 | Japan | 50,067 |
| 13 | Singapore | 43,732 |
| 14 | Italy | 38,345 |
| 15 | Iran | 36,218 |
| 16 | Taiwan | 31,110 |
| 17 | Portugal | 27,678 |
| 18 | Spain | 24,814 |
| 19 | Thailand | 24,600 |
| 20 | Poland | 23,719 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.