Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 10,127,169 |
| 2 | United States | 2,673,007 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 805,497 |
| 4 | South Korea | 711,105 |
| 5 | Canada | 677,128 |
| 6 | Australia | 660,287 |
| 7 | Japan | 510,361 |
| 8 | Brazil | 436,836 |
| 9 | Germany | 381,084 |
| 10 | India | 363,157 |
| 11 | Netherlands | 348,175 |
| 12 | Spain | 344,693 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 315,495 |
| 14 | France | 311,765 |
| 15 | Turkey | 286,032 |
| 16 | Italy | 273,667 |
| 17 | Hong Kong | 246,086 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 200,970 |
| 19 | Belgium | 178,444 |
| 20 | South Africa | 169,384 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.