Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,687,936 |
| 2 | United States | 890,720 |
| 3 | South Korea | 757,879 |
| 4 | Japan | 553,924 |
| 5 | Taiwan | 478,975 |
| 6 | India | 338,270 |
| 7 | Germany | 325,898 |
| 8 | United Kingdom | 227,545 |
| 9 | France | 170,951 |
| 10 | Turkey | 162,535 |
| 11 | Russia | 106,745 |
| 12 | Canada | 103,420 |
| 13 | Brazil | 93,740 |
| 14 | Australia | 89,706 |
| 15 | Italy | 84,944 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 83,986 |
| 17 | Mexico | 78,492 |
| 18 | Poland | 66,870 |
| 19 | Spain | 64,451 |
| 20 | Switzerland | 58,890 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.