Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3,656,968 |
| 2 | United States | 1,938,015 |
| 3 | Japan | 810,723 |
| 4 | South Korea | 714,146 |
| 5 | India | 544,695 |
| 6 | Germany | 488,314 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 452,088 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 363,346 |
| 9 | France | 311,931 |
| 10 | Canada | 276,823 |
| 11 | Thailand | 266,699 |
| 12 | Brazil | 261,983 |
| 13 | Turkey | 231,138 |
| 14 | Australia | 191,124 |
| 15 | Russia | 182,969 |
| 16 | Italy | 173,601 |
| 17 | Netherlands | 165,606 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 155,042 |
| 19 | Spain | 149,480 |
| 20 | Belgium | 124,603 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.