Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3,607,762 |
| 2 | United States | 1,935,438 |
| 3 | Japan | 782,851 |
| 4 | South Korea | 707,086 |
| 5 | India | 619,938 |
| 6 | Germany | 511,727 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 432,947 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 379,154 |
| 9 | France | 361,801 |
| 10 | Thailand | 291,281 |
| 11 | Canada | 279,028 |
| 12 | Brazil | 273,983 |
| 13 | Turkey | 237,658 |
| 14 | Australia | 193,238 |
| 15 | Russia | 191,236 |
| 16 | Italy | 177,899 |
| 17 | Malaysia | 171,390 |
| 18 | Netherlands | 161,261 |
| 19 | Spain | 154,938 |
| 20 | Belgium | 121,629 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.