Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3,667,731 |
| 2 | United States | 1,871,005 |
| 3 | Japan | 835,865 |
| 4 | South Korea | 731,763 |
| 5 | India | 468,012 |
| 6 | Germany | 453,395 |
| 7 | United Kingdom | 451,717 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 354,141 |
| 9 | France | 283,982 |
| 10 | Canada | 271,483 |
| 11 | Brazil | 230,252 |
| 12 | Turkey | 217,961 |
| 13 | Thailand | 212,056 |
| 14 | Australia | 174,880 |
| 15 | Netherlands | 170,195 |
| 16 | Italy | 168,118 |
| 17 | Russia | 166,799 |
| 18 | Spain | 144,382 |
| 19 | Malaysia | 133,486 |
| 20 | Poland | 111,906 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.