Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 2,195,684 |
| 2 | United States | 487,549 |
| 3 | India | 193,102 |
| 4 | Japan | 183,038 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 165,983 |
| 6 | South Korea | 161,359 |
| 7 | Taiwan | 159,514 |
| 8 | Germany | 149,616 |
| 9 | Canada | 86,650 |
| 10 | France | 80,893 |
| 11 | Russia | 78,774 |
| 12 | Australia | 62,947 |
| 13 | Turkey | 62,665 |
| 14 | Brazil | 45,407 |
| 15 | Malaysia | 40,105 |
| 16 | Netherlands | 39,979 |
| 17 | Mexico | 39,638 |
| 18 | Italy | 38,705 |
| 19 | Spain | 38,619 |
| 20 | Hong Kong | 37,285 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.