Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 168,127 |
| 2 | China | 142,345 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 123,836 |
| 4 | Germany | 61,982 |
| 5 | Japan | 37,654 |
| 6 | Canada | 37,266 |
| 7 | Netherlands | 37,024 |
| 8 | Australia | 33,284 |
| 9 | Hong Kong | 23,219 |
| 10 | Taiwan | 22,429 |
| 11 | Spain | 22,265 |
| 12 | France | 21,563 |
| 13 | South Korea | 14,295 |
| 14 | Turkey | 12,493 |
| 15 | Italy | 12,188 |
| 16 | Norway | 10,339 |
| 17 | Austria | 9,556 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 9,174 |
| 19 | Belgium | 9,120 |
| 20 | Switzerland | 8,771 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.