Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 434,048 |
| 2 | China | 220,050 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 163,077 |
| 4 | Germany | 109,547 |
| 5 | Japan | 89,001 |
| 6 | Australia | 53,146 |
| 7 | France | 47,701 |
| 8 | Canada | 46,398 |
| 9 | Netherlands | 38,980 |
| 10 | South Korea | 32,492 |
| 11 | Italy | 31,809 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 28,589 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 25,853 |
| 14 | Hong Kong | 23,658 |
| 15 | India | 22,194 |
| 16 | Spain | 19,750 |
| 17 | Brazil | 17,880 |
| 18 | Singapore | 16,723 |
| 19 | Russia | 16,691 |
| 20 | Turkey | 14,832 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.