Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,587,063 |
| 2 | United States | 1,549,698 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 388,262 |
| 4 | Germany | 315,216 |
| 5 | India | 283,785 |
| 6 | Japan | 283,028 |
| 7 | France | 275,361 |
| 8 | South Korea | 202,709 |
| 9 | Brazil | 158,983 |
| 10 | Canada | 139,488 |
| 11 | Australia | 118,393 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 110,993 |
| 13 | Italy | 99,541 |
| 14 | Taiwan | 98,570 |
| 15 | Switzerland | 88,199 |
| 16 | Russia | 83,328 |
| 17 | Spain | 68,989 |
| 18 | Hong Kong | 57,595 |
| 19 | Turkey | 56,028 |
| 20 | Sweden | 45,876 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.