Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,769,319 |
| 2 | United States | 662,788 |
| 3 | South Korea | 352,944 |
| 4 | Japan | 266,241 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | 217,209 |
| 6 | India | 192,361 |
| 7 | Turkey | 181,230 |
| 8 | Taiwan | 164,693 |
| 9 | France | 160,301 |
| 10 | Germany | 148,410 |
| 11 | Brazil | 136,669 |
| 12 | Canada | 119,407 |
| 13 | Spain | 112,544 |
| 14 | Italy | 112,090 |
| 15 | Australia | 89,937 |
| 16 | Thailand | 88,579 |
| 17 | Netherlands | 84,347 |
| 18 | Poland | 83,350 |
| 19 | Russia | 74,657 |
| 20 | Malaysia | 70,792 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.