Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3,028,885 |
| 2 | United States | 666,703 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 280,017 |
| 4 | South Korea | 260,268 |
| 5 | India | 249,276 |
| 6 | Japan | 242,656 |
| 7 | Brazil | 174,406 |
| 8 | Australia | 157,958 |
| 9 | France | 153,158 |
| 10 | Canada | 150,726 |
| 11 | Germany | 142,062 |
| 12 | Taiwan | 117,803 |
| 13 | Turkey | 91,838 |
| 14 | Russia | 85,918 |
| 15 | Spain | 85,519 |
| 16 | Italy | 68,780 |
| 17 | Mexico | 61,761 |
| 18 | Malaysia | 57,276 |
| 19 | Iran | 53,009 |
| 20 | Poland | 52,438 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.