Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 2,532,329 |
| 2 | United States | 1,088,247 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 626,866 |
| 4 | India | 386,168 |
| 5 | Germany | 372,809 |
| 6 | South Korea | 317,919 |
| 7 | Japan | 305,568 |
| 8 | Canada | 276,753 |
| 9 | Australia | 235,383 |
| 10 | France | 211,034 |
| 11 | Brazil | 208,252 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 203,336 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 134,111 |
| 14 | Italy | 122,427 |
| 15 | Turkey | 108,360 |
| 16 | Malaysia | 106,691 |
| 17 | Switzerland | 105,601 |
| 18 | Spain | 103,051 |
| 19 | Thailand | 94,072 |
| 20 | Russia | 93,885 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.