Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 2,263,609 |
| 2 | China | 1,002,161 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 603,876 |
| 4 | Japan | 487,976 |
| 5 | Germany | 343,676 |
| 6 | Canada | 327,961 |
| 7 | Australia | 273,055 |
| 8 | South Korea | 198,410 |
| 9 | Netherlands | 150,108 |
| 10 | Brazil | 149,045 |
| 11 | France | 148,545 |
| 12 | Italy | 140,658 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 107,719 |
| 14 | Spain | 102,109 |
| 15 | Mexico | 89,440 |
| 16 | Switzerland | 88,613 |
| 17 | Turkey | 83,050 |
| 18 | Russia | 72,886 |
| 19 | Israel | 65,236 |
| 20 | Iran | 64,667 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.