Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 844,200 |
| 2 | China | 293,354 |
| 3 | Japan | 202,560 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 177,785 |
| 5 | South Korea | 162,901 |
| 6 | Australia | 129,900 |
| 7 | Switzerland | 125,854 |
| 8 | Canada | 119,044 |
| 9 | Germany | 103,155 |
| 10 | Italy | 69,664 |
| 11 | Turkey | 58,919 |
| 12 | Taiwan | 58,886 |
| 13 | Spain | 58,114 |
| 14 | Netherlands | 52,267 |
| 15 | France | 46,543 |
| 16 | India | 44,555 |
| 17 | Thailand | 43,968 |
| 18 | Brazil | 38,670 |
| 19 | Iran | 33,692 |
| 20 | Hong Kong | 29,790 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.