Indication of worldwide usage for this journal at the country/region level over the last five years (as available).
| Top Countries/ Regions | Downloads | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 1,079,298 |
| 2 | China | 249,565 |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 247,930 |
| 4 | Germany | 156,357 |
| 5 | Australia | 154,432 |
| 6 | Japan | 143,915 |
| 7 | Canada | 126,637 |
| 8 | Netherlands | 91,780 |
| 9 | Italy | 72,522 |
| 10 | South Korea | 72,337 |
| 11 | France | 62,656 |
| 12 | Switzerland | 60,112 |
| 13 | Taiwan | 49,963 |
| 14 | Brazil | 49,747 |
| 15 | Thailand | 42,102 |
| 16 | Spain | 38,410 |
| 17 | Sweden | 34,875 |
| 18 | Turkey | 34,011 |
| 19 | Denmark | 33,537 |
| 20 | Iran | 28,297 |
The number of full-text articles downloaded from ScienceDirect for this journal in the last five full calendar years is displayed by country/region.
The numbers are based on COUNTER-compliant parameters, including all types of access, but excluding robot usage and other artificial traffic.
We intend to give you a feeling for the spread of global readership and the relationships between countries/regions for this journal.